Government and Politics
- Essentially a theocracy
- Met annually at the shrine of Voltumna-discussed military/political affairs
- 12 states-somewhat divided, not obligated to provide aid to one another
- Great seafarers, wealthy miners (iron, copper, tin, lead, silver)
- Collapse-Rome attacked the individual cities, eventually leading to Rome closing in on them
Social, Cultural and Religious Trends
- Spoke a non-Indo-European language
- Education-curricula included religious laws, theology and encyclopaedic knowledge
- Believed in continued activity by the dead after death
- Tomb-built like a house, frescoed walls with daily life scenes or important moments of the deceased
- Etruscan temples-house statues of Etruscan gods
- Believed in predestination-could be postponed by praying, but inevitable
- Somewhat predicted their own deaths
- Believed destiny was determined by numerous gods
- Had many gods and goddesses
Major Events and Persons
- 539 BC-Etruscans + Carthaginians remove Greeks from Corsica
- 535 BC-Battle of Alalia-Carthaginian navy + Etruscans defeat Greek ships off Corsica
- 475 BC -Celts defeat Etruscans (Ticino River)
- 400 BC-Celts enter Italy, settle in Po Valley, Etruscan power declines
- 396 BC-Battle of Melpum-Celts defeat Etruscan army, settle all over Po Valley
- 396 BC-Rome captures Veii from Etruscans
- 391 BC-Senones take Clusium from Etruscans
- 298-290 BC-3rd Samnite War-Rome wins, peace with Etruscans
- 283 BC-Romans defeat Etruscans AND Celts (Lake Vadimonis)
- 225 BC-Celts defeat Romans at Faesulae, overrun Etruria
Major External Factors
- Engaged in a series of wars with Rome
- Alliance with Carthage against Greece
- Dominated the sea
- Traded copper and iron
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| Etruscan Temple |
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| Etruscan Mural |
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| Etruscan Territory |
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